Enfilade

Call for Papers | Turner 250

Posted in Calls for Papers by Editor on July 7, 2025

J.M.W. Turner, The Decline of the Carthaginian Empire, exhibited in 1817, oil on canvas, 170 × 239 cm
(London: Tate, Accepted by the nation as part of the Turner Bequest 1856, N00499)

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From the Call for Papers:

Turner 250

Tate Britain, London, 4–5 December 2025

Proposals due by 31 July 2025

2025 marks two hundred and fifty years since the birth of Romantic painter J.M.W. Turner (1775–1851). Conscious of the future, he took care to secure his legacy. But what is that legacy? Timed to coincide with the Turner and Constable exhibition at Tate Britain and to help bring celebrations of Turner’s 250th anniversary year to a close, this conference will take Turner’s art and life as a starting point for exploring what it means to research Turner and to curate his work today.

Thanks in part to the gift of the Turner Bequest, Turner is one of the most highly documented artists, and his life and work have inspired extensive scholarship, exhibitions, and creative responses across a range of art forms. We want to open up discussions about how we tell his story in 2025, how we display and respond to his work, and how singular works—such as The Slave Ship—or entire bodies of work have generated their own afterlives. What new contexts can we use to read and reinterpret his work? How much does our focus on Turner through a monographic lens help or hinder fresh perspectives? Where will studies of Turner take us next?

Reflecting Turner’s own approach to his art, the event will encourage dialogue between historical and contemporary perspectives, and across different disciplines, to consider Turner in his own time and the resonances and interpretations of his vision today. We welcome presentations in a variety of forms—such as illustrated talks or short videos. Each presentation should last around fifteen minutes, whether it is a spoken paper or another form of contribution.

We invite proposals on any topic, but are particularly interested in the following themes:
• Curating Turner now: What do audiences want? What do they already know about Turner? What impact does staging a Turner exhibition have on public engagement and attendance?
• Turner’s contemporaries: Who were his peers, and who has been overshadowed?
• Turner contemporary: Artists inspired by Turner or responding to his legacy in their own work.
• Researching Turner in an age of climate crisis / eco-critical turn.
• The artist’s bequest / the monograph: What opportunities and challenges come with an artist’s bequest or a concentrated focus on a single figure?

Please submit the following by 12 midnight (BST) on 31 July, with ‘Turner 250’ as the subject line, to pmc.events@paul-mellon-centre.ac.uk
• A 250-word abstract describing your proposed contribution
• A 250-word biography

Please combine your abstract and biography into a single Word document and send it as an email attachment. Incomplete or late submissions will not be considered. We will provide a speaker’s fee of £150 and cover reasonable travel and accommodation costs. If you have any access requirements or need adjustments, please let us know and we will do our best to accommodate them.

Organised by Tate Britain in collaboration with the Paul Mellon Centre for Studies in British Art and supported by The Manton Foundation Fund for Historic British Art.

Alixe Bovey Appointed Editor-in-Chief at British Art Studies

Posted in journal articles, opportunities by Editor on July 7, 2025

From the Paul Mellon Centre announcement (16 June 2025) . . .

Alixe Bovey has been appointed to the position of British Art Studies (BAS) Editor-in-Chief. In this role she will lead on the development of material for publication in the journal, commission new articles and projects, and work collaboratively with authors. BAS is an innovative space for new peer-reviewed scholarship on all aspects of British art, co-published by Paul Mellon Centre for Studies in British Art and the Yale Center for British Art.

Alixe is Professor of Medieval Art History at The Courtauld, where she specialises in the art and culture of the Middle Ages. Her particular interests include illuminated manuscripts, visual storytelling and the relationship between myth and material culture across historical periods and geographical boundaries. Her publications explore a variety of medieval and early Renaissance topics, including Gothic art and immateriality (2015), monsters (2002, 2013), English genealogical rolls (2005, 2021), and monographic studies including Jean de Carpentin’s Book of Hours (Paul Holberton Press, 2011). Following a ten-year stint as Head of Research then Executive Dean and Deputy Director of The Courtauld, she is currently at work on a new book exploring the vibrant culture of storytelling in word and image in fourteenth-century London. Alongside her historical research, she is keenly interested in the creative relationship between practice and art history, and has organised a variety of programmes that bring works of art, artists and art historians together.

Sarah Victoria Turner, Director of PMC, comments: “We are so excited to have Alixe leading British Art Studies and I know she will do this with huge curiosity and commitment to publishing original research on British art. She has been an advocate for the journal and our approach to digital publishing.”

Alixe took up the role in June 2025 with a tenure of two years. Researchers interested in publishing with BAS are warmly encouraged to contact Alixe with questions, ideas or manuscripts for submission at baseditor@paul-mellon-centre.ac.uk.

Renovations at The Huntington Library Scheduled to Begin in 2026

Posted in museums by Editor on July 6, 2025

Library Exhibition Hall and West Hall, The Huntington, San Marino, California
(Photo by David Esquivel)

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From the press release (24 June 2025) . . .

Modernization of The Huntington’s Library building aims to connect collections, expand conservation capacity, enhance research access, and deepen public engagement.

Key Takeaways
• A multiyear renovation will strengthen how the Library and Art Museum’s collections support research, conservation, and public engagement.
• Plans include an 8,000-square-foot expansion of conservation studio capacity, redesigned exhibition spaces, and a new gallery focused on the history of science.
• The groundbreaking is planned for spring 2026.
• During construction, the Library will remain open to researchers, while a new exhibition series in the Art Museum showcases the Library’s book and manuscript collections.

In spring 2026, The Huntington will begin an extensive renovation of its Library building, designed in 1919 by architect Myron Hunt, a leading figure of early 20th-century Southern California architecture. The project will revitalize the Library’s landmark exhibition halls and replace outdated back-of-house space with modern facilities that serve both the Library and Art Museum. The unified Library/Art Building (LAB) will be a transformative 83,000-square-foot modernization that honors the building’s historic character while reimagining its spaces for interdivisional collaboration. The design is being led by RAMSA (Robert A.M. Stern Architects). Samuel Anderson Architects is providing expertise on collections storage and conservation studio design.

The idea took shape when President Karen R. Lawrence sought a single solution to meet needs that emerged in both the Library and Art Museum. Her proposal reflected the institution’s strategic plan, which calls for integrated, cross-divisional approaches under the guiding principle of “One Huntington.” With support from senior colleagues and the Board of Trustees, the concept advanced as a unified investment in conservation infrastructure, collections care, and the visitor and researcher experience.

The LAB will replace legacy book stacks with state-of-the-art storage for more than eight linear miles of the Library’s book and manuscript collections, along with the Art Museum’s 38,000 works on paper. Light-filled, modernized spaces for consultation, collaboration, and meetings will support cross-disciplinary exchange among staff, fellows, and general readers. The building will also include a dedicated conservation studio for treating paintings and objects.

“This is the most ambitious building project in The Huntington’s history,” President Lawrence said. “It reflects our commitment to stewardship, scholarship, and public engagement, and to creating spaces that will serve our collections and our communities for the next century.”

Photograph of Henry E. Huntington in front of the Library’s bronze doors, ca. 1920 (The Huntington Library, Art Museum, and Botanical Gardens).

Henry E. Huntington was once asked whether he planned to write an autobiography describing his career. He demurred and said in response, “This Library will tell the story; it represents the reward of all the work that I have ever done and the realization of much happiness.”

A century later, The Huntington ranks among the world’s great independent research libraries, holding a growing collection of some 12 million rare books, manuscripts, photographs, prints, drawings, and ephemera. Each year, the Library welcomes thousands of researchers, including more than 175 fellows in the nation’s largest humanities research program. To further support these visiting fellows, The Huntington is also developing Scholars Grove—a 33-unit residential complex that will provide convenient, reasonably priced housing and community space on campus.

“The Library has always anchored The Huntington’s commitment to knowledge and public access,” said Sandra Brooke Gordon, Avery Director of the Library. “Now, we’re evolving that legacy with revitalized spaces designed to support collaboration and a broader community of researchers. The LAB will also enhance the experience of the hundreds of thousands of visitors who each year discover the Library’s collections in our exhibition halls.”

While the Library’s exhibition halls are closed for renovation, visitors can experience some of its most iconic and unexpected works in the exhibition series Stories from the Library, located in the Huntington Art Museum.

Stories from the Library debuted 21 June 2025, with two exhibitions: one centered on Geoffrey Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales, the other on visionary figures who have shaped Los Angeles. The series will continue through 2028. The research library will remain open throughout construction of the LAB. All of the Library’s collections will be on site and available to researchers.

The LAB will also become the new home for the Art Museum’s extensive collection of works on paper—over 38,000 drawings, watercolors, and prints, representing upwards of 80% of its holdings. Because these works are light sensitive, this major part of the art collection is rarely accessible to the public in gallery displays. A new Works on Paper Study Center will provide space for consultation, research, and display, expanding access for scholars, students, and early-career professionals.

“Housing the museum’s works on paper and library collections under one roof will deepen scholarship and spark new forms of inquiry,” said Christina Nielsen, Hannah and Russel Kully Director of the Art Museum. “This kind of proximity will foster not only interdisciplinary research but richer, more nuanced exhibitions.”

The Art Museum’s collection features over 45,000 artworks from Europe, America, and East Asia that span more than 2,000 years. Conserving paintings and objects across the Art Museum and Library’s collections helps preserve fragile materials for future generations and yields new information about how they were made and used.

The LAB will not only integrate staff but also significantly enhance experiences for general visitors to The Huntington. A new gallery dedicated to the history of science will replace the former “Beautiful Science” exhibition with “Worlds Unfolding: Science on the Page.” The new installation will showcase the Library’s extensive holdings in science, technology, and medicine. It will feature a diverse selection of medieval through modern works on topics ranging from astronomy, anatomy, and geology to electricity, the aerospace industry, and futuristic dream worlds of science fiction.

Expanding public access to its collections has long been central to The Huntington’s mission, and today, a wide range of readers makes use of its research resources. Any adult working on a research project that is well served by the collections is welcome to apply for a reader’s card. Fifteen percent of recent consultations have come from beyond the traditional ranks of advanced researchers, reflecting the Library’s broadened access for artists, writers, and community researchers. The LAB will support this wider audience with accessible study areas, clearer navigation, and more streamlined access to research materials—ensuring that rare items are both useable and protected.

As groundbreaking approaches in spring 2026, The Huntington nears completion of its $126.6 million fundraising campaign. More than $100 million has already been committed by foundations and donors who recognize the project’s long-term impact.

Generous support for the Stories from the Library exhibition series is provided by the Robert F. Erburu Exhibition Endowment. Additional support is provided by The Neilan Foundation, the Steinmetz Foundation, and Laura and Carlton Seaver.

The Decorative Arts Trust Announces 2025 Publishing Grants

Posted in books, exhibitions, resources by Editor on July 6, 2025

From the press release:

The Decorative Arts Trust is thrilled to announce the five recipients of our 2025 Publishing Grants. The Birmingham Museum of Art in Birmingham, Alabama; the Florence Griswold Museum in Old Lyme, Connecticut; The Preservation Society of Newport County in Newport, Rhode Island; and Victoria Mansion in Portland, Maine, received Publishing Grants under the ‘Collections and Exhibitions’ category. Dr. Mariah Kupfner received a Publishing Grant for ‘First-Time Authors’.

In August 2026, the publication of Roll Call: 200 Years of Black American Art will be an integral part of the 75th anniversary celebration of the Birmingham Museum of Art. Planned alongside a companion exhibition, the publication will also serve as a comprehensive survey of the Museum’s collection of works by African American and Black American artists who live(d) and work(ed) in America, including its superb holdings of Southern quilts and ceramics.

Elizabeth Foote, Bed rug, ca. 1778, Colchester, CT, hand-embroidered wool on plain woven wool ground (Courtesy of the Connecticut Historical Society, Gift of Mrs. J.H.K. Davis).

In 2022, the Florence Griswold Museum presented the exhibition New London County Quilts & Bed Covers, 1750–1825, which showcased exquisite, rarely-seen quilted petticoats, appliqued bed covers, bed rugs, and stuffed whitework quilts hand-crafted by women and girls of this region of Connecticut. The accompanying publication, set to be completed by April 2027, shares the scholarship generated for the exhibition, addressing an understudied and continuously evolving area of material culture that will open emerging areas of study for rising scholars.

Treasures of the Newport Mansions, the first ever collections catalogue for The Preservation Society of Newport County (PSNC), will span centuries and highlight the organization’s distinctive material content. Among the most significant in the United States, PSNC’s holdings uniquely encompass extraordinary objects within their original historical contexts. Presenting approximately 100 objects, the catalogue, which will be published by February 2027, will highlight advanced research made by experts and early-career scholars across multiple disciplines.

Victoria Mansion’s ‘Bold, Designing Fellows’: Italian Decorative Painters and Scenic Artists in the United States, 1820–1880 is inspired by many years of research on the Bolognese artist Giuseppe Guidicini. Previously unknown, Guidicini was responsible for the 1860 design and decoration of the wall and ceiling paintings that fill Victoria Mansion. The publication is set to be completed by May 2026 and will chronicle Guidicini’s history from his training in Bologna to his accomplishments in New York, Cincinnati, and Richmond.

Publishing Grant recipient Dr. Mariah Kupfner is an Assistant Professor of American Studies and Public Heritage at Penn State Harrisburg and earned her PhD from Boston University. She will publish Crafting Womanhood: Needlework, Gender, and Politics in the United States, 1810–1920 with the University of Delaware Press in August 2026. This publication looks closely at gendered textiles, reading them as essential sources of historical meaning and self-making.

Visit the Decorative Arts Trust’s website to learn more about the Publishing Grants program. Applications for the next round of grants are due by 31 March 2026.

New Book | America, América

Posted in books by Editor on July 5, 2025

As someone long unsettled by the ambiguity around the word ‘American’ (I recall being confused by it as a kid), I found Greg Grandin’s July 4 opinion piece for The New York Times immensely satisfying. His latest book appeared in April from Penguin. CH

Greg Grandin, America, América: A New History of the New World (Penguin Press, 2025), 768 pages, ISBN: 978-0593831250, $35.

From the Pulitzer Prize–winning historian, the first comprehensive history of the Western Hemisphere, a sweeping five-century narrative of North and South America that redefines our understanding of both.

The story of how the United States’ identity was formed is almost invariably told by looking east to Europe. But as Greg Grandin vividly demonstrates, the nation’s unique sense of itself was in fact forged facing south toward Latin America. In turn, Latin America developed its own identity in struggle with the looming colossus to the north. In this stunningly original reinterpretation of the New World, Grandin reveals how North and South emerged from a constant, turbulent engagement with each other.

America, América traverses half a millennium, from the Spanish Conquest—the greatest mortality event in human history—through the eighteenth-century wars for independence, the Monroe Doctrine, the coups and revolutions of the twentieth century, and beyond. Grandin shows, among other things, how in response to U.S. interventions, Latin Americans remade the rules, leading directly to the founding of the United Nations; and how the Good Neighbor Policy allowed FDR to assume the moral authority to lead the fight against world fascism.

Grandin’s book sheds new light on well-known historical figures like Bartolomé de las Casas, Simón Bolívar, and Woodrow Wilson, as well as lesser-known actors such as the Venezuelan Francisco de Miranda, who almost lost his head in the French Revolution and conspired with Alexander Hamilton to free America from Spain; the Colombian Jorge Gaitán, whose unsolved murder inaugurated the rise of Cold War political terror, death squads, and disappearances; and the radical journalist Ernest Gruening, who, in championing non-interventionism in Latin America, helped broker the most spectacularly successful policy reversal in United States history. This is a monumental work of scholarship that will fundamentally change the way we think of Spanish and English colonialism, slavery and racism, and the rise of universal humanism. At once comprehensive and accessible, America, América shows that centuries of bloodshed and diplomacy not only helped shape the political identities of the United States and Latin America but also the laws, institutions, and ideals that govern the modern world. In so doing, Grandin argues that Latin America’s deeply held culture of social democracy can be an effective counterweight to today’s spreading rightwing authoritarianism.

A culmination of a decades-long engagement with hemispheric history, drawing on a vast array of sources, and told with authority and flair, this is a genuinely new history of the New World.

Greg Grandin is the author of The End of the Myth, which won the Pulitzer Prize; The Empire of Necessity, which won both the Bancroft and Beveridge prizes in American history; Fordlandia, which was a finalist for the Pulitzer Prize, the National Book Award, and the National Book Critics Circle Award; and a number of other widely acclaimed books. He is the Peter V. and C. Vann Woodward Professor of History at Yale University.

Exhibition | Philadelphia, The Revolutionary City

Posted in books, catalogues, exhibitions, resources by Editor on July 5, 2025

From the APS:

Philadelphia, The Revolutionary City

American Philosophical Society Museum, Philadelphia, 11 April — 28 December 2025

Philadelphia, The Revolutionary City illuminates the lived experiences of Philadelphians leading up to, during, and after the fight for independence. It showcases historic documents and material culture, ranging from diaries and newspapers to political cartoons and household objects. Beginning with the Stamp Act in 1765, the exhibition traces key events through the late 1780s and the impacts they had on communities living within and around the city. The exhibition features a range of voices and stories, offering windows into this turbulent period of change and presenting Revolution-era Philadelphia as a vibrant and growing city.

This exhibition is inspired by the innovative digital archive The Revolutionary City: A Portal to the Nation’s Founding, recently launched by the American Philosophical Society, the Historical Society of Pennsylvania, and the Library Company of Philadelphia, in partnership with the Kislak Center for Special Collections, Rare Books and Manuscripts and the Museum of the American Revolution. Philadelphia, The Revolutionary City brings together rare manuscript material and objects from the APS’s Library and Museum holdings, and the collections of these partners, as well as loans from regional institutions, and nearby historic houses and museums.

The related publication is distributed by the University of Pennsylvania Press:

Philadelphia, the Revolutionary City (Philadelphia: The American Philosophical Society Press, 2025), 110 pages, ISBN: 978-1606181225, $30. With contributions by Patrick Spero, Michelle Craig McDonald, John Van Horne, David R. Brigham, Caroline O’Connell, and Bayard Miller.

The book includes a fully-illustrated object checklist with information for each item as well as a curatorial statement about the project’s development. Additionally, it features three essays, one from each of the directors of the special collection libraries, focusing on key objects within each collection, plus an essay on the origins of the digital project and its ongoing work. Each essay offers a unique perspective on Philadelphia’s revolutionary history and a range of stories that can be found in these archives and on the digital portal.

New Book | Nobody Men

Posted in books by Editor on July 4, 2025

From Yale UP:

Travis Glasson, Nobody Men: Neutrality, Loyalties, and Family in the American Revolution (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2025), 368 pages, ISBN: 978-0300258899, $38.

The story of colonists who were neither loyalists nor patriots during the American Revolution, told through the experiences of one transatlantic family

At least one‑third of the colonial population were neutrals during the American Revolution, yet they have rarely featured in narratives that shape our ideas about the conflict. By following a single transatlantic family, the Crugers, historian Travis Glasson puts neutrals—the ‘nobody men’—at the center of this tumultuous period’s history.

Like most neutrals, the Crugers prioritized peace above any specific constitutional arrangement and sought ways out of the military struggle. The Crugers were prominent among prewar defenders of colonial rights, and their experiences once the shooting started, in places including New York, the island of St. Croix, and London, reveal the complex dilemmas that confronted those in the middle during the violent upheaval. The Crugers’ dealings with each other—and with a cast of boldfaced names including Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, Edmund Burke, John Wilkes, Lord North, and George Washington—illuminate how some people looked to chart alternate courses through perilous waters. Based on extensive research in the United States and Britain, Nobody Men humanizes what it meant to live through revolutionary civil war and recovers little‑known but essential histories of how new nations formed as an older empire broke apart.

Travis Glasson is associate professor of history at Temple University. He is the author of Mastering Christianity: Missionary Anglicanism and Slavery in the Atlantic World.

c o n t e n t s

Introduction

Part One | ‘Cruger and Liberty!: 1760–1775
1  The Crugers’ World
2  Stamps and People
3  Transatlantic Patriots
4  The Center Fails

Part Two | ‘Some Middle Way Should be Found Out’, 1775–1783
5  Whigs Killing for the King
6  The Price of Neutrality
7  The Search for Peace
8  Friend of Washington?

Part Three | ‘My Heart Still Cleaves to New York’, 1783–1800
9  Subjects and Citizens
10  Oblivion and Conciliation

Conclusion

Notes
Acknowledgments
Index

Conference | Eat, Drink, Revolution: Our Friend the Tavern

Posted in conferences (to attend) by Editor on July 3, 2025

From Colonial Williamsburg:

Eat, Drink, Revolution: Our Friend the Tavern

Online and in-person, Colonial Williamsburg, 6–8 November 2025

This fall, Colonial Williamsburg will host the inaugural Eat, Drink, Revolution: Our Friend the Tavern conference, which explores taverns as both dining establishments and as important gathering places throughout the centuries, particularly in the years surrounding the American Revolution.

While the in-person conference registration is now sold out, virtual registration, along with limited in-person spaces for scholarship recipients, is still available. Interested attendees can email us to request to be added to the in-person waitlist. Scholarships are available to students currently enrolled in programs relating to history and foodways, emerging professionals in fields related to food and drink, and history museum professionals.

Conference speakers include Pete Brown, renowned Sunday Times Magazine columnist, author and broadcaster; Dr. Jonathan Zarecki, associate professor of classical studies, University of North Carolina at Greensboro; The Beer Archaeologist Travis Rupp; Marc Meltonville, food and drink historian, author and heritage distiller; public historian and executive director of Newlin Grist Mill, Tony Shahan; Jason Baum, interpretive park ranger at Guilford Courthouse National Military Park; Dr. Sarah Hand Meacham, associate professor, Virginia Commonwealth University; along with members of Colonial Williamsburg’s staff. The full conference schedule is available here.

Virtual registration is $100 per person and includes livestream access to all conference presentations, access to presentations as recordings through the end of the year, and a 7-day ticket voucher to Colonial Williamsburg’s Historic Area, valid for redemption through May of 2026.

Eat, Drink, Revolution: Our Friend the Tavern is sponsored in part by Craft & Forge, a lifestyle brand that reimagines early American maker style for today’s audience with a focus on craftsmanship, authenticity, and high-quality materials.

Online Event | 18th-C American Furniture from The Met

Posted in exhibitions, online learning by Editor on July 3, 2025

From The Met:

Alyce Perry Englund | Art History Study Group: 18th-Century American Furniture

Online, Wednesday, 16 July 2025, 3–4:30 pm

Join curator Alyce Perry Englund, Associate Curator of American Decorative Arts of the American Wing, to talk about The Calculated Curve: Eighteenth-Century American Furniture and delve into a pivotal moment in American furniture design from 1720 to 1770. Take a closer look at the materials, ergonomics, and sculptural expression embedded in furniture design during a critical age of global exchange and social stratification. This live event will take place on Zoom. Space is limited, and advance registration is required. Registration closes Tuesday, July 15, or when registration is full. Fee: $40.

Presented in conjunction with the exhibition The Calculated Curve: Eighteenth-Century American Furniture.

The Burlington Magazine, June 2025

Posted in books, journal articles, reviews by Editor on July 3, 2025

Francesco Guardi, Venice: The Rialto Bridge with the Palazzo dei Camerlenghi, ca.1764, oil on canvas, 120 × 204 cm
(Private collection)

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The long 18th century in the June issue of The Burlington:

The Burlington Magazine 167 (June 2025)

e d i t o r i a l

• “American Gothic,” p. 531.
There are many excoriating ways in which the current administration in Washington might be described; a number of them are perhaps too impolite to appear in a decorous journal such as this. The necessity of restraint does not, however, mean we should refrain from expressing a view on the provocative actions of the new United States government. They are not merely a matter of political theatre that feeds the news cycles, but also a corrosive force that is undermining many valued cultural institutions and having a direct and negative impact on the lives of tens of millions of people.

l e t t e r

• David Wilson, “More on Lorenzo Bartolini’s The Campbell Sisters Dancing a Waltz,” pp. 532–34.
Response to the article in the February issue by Lucy Wood and Timothy Stevens, “The Elder Sisters of The Campbell Sisters: William Gordon Cumming’s Patronage of Lorenzo Bartolini.”

a r t i c l e s

Joshua Reynolds, Elizabeth Percy, Countess (later Duchess) of Northumberland, 1757, oil on canvas, 240 × 148.6 cm. (Collection of the Duke of Northumberland, Syon House, London).

• Justus Lange and Martin Spies, “Two Royal Portraits by Reynolds Rediscovered in Kassel,” pp. 564–71.
Two paintings in the Gemäldegalerie Alte Meister, Kassel, are here identified as portraits by Joshua Reynolds of Princess Amelia, second daughter of George II, and her brother William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland. Both were gifts from the sitters to their sister Mary, Landgravine of Hesse-Kassel, a provenance that sheds new light on the cultural links between England and the landgraviate in the mid-eighteenth century.

• Giovanna Perini Folesani, “An Unpublished Letter by Sir Joshua Reynolds,” pp. 575–78.
in the historical archive of the Accademia di Belle Arti, Florence, there is an autograph letter by Sir Joshua Reynolds dated 20th May 1785 that was sent from London. . . . The text is in impeccable Italian, suggesting that Reynolds copied a translation made by a native speaker. . . .

• Francis Russell, “Guardi and the English Tourist: A Postscript,” pp. 578–83.
Some three decades ago this writer sought to demonstrate in this Magazine that the early evolution of Francesco Guardi (1712–93) as a vedutista could be followed in a number of pictures supplied to English patrons who were in Venice from the late 1750s. Other pieces of the jigsaw now fall into place. . . .

r e v i e w s

• Christoph Martin Vogtherr, Review of Schönbrunn: Die Kaiserliche Sommerresidenz, edited by Elfriede Iby and Anna Mader-Kratky (Kral Verlag, 2023), pp. 614–16.

• Steven Brindle, Review of Christopher Tadgell, Architecture in the Indian Subcontinent: From the Mauryas to the Mughals (Routledge, 2024), pp. 620–21.

• Stephen Lloyd, Review of ‘What Would You Like?’ Collecting Art for the Nation: An Account by a Director of Collections, edited by Magnus Olausson and Eva-Lena Karlsson (Nationalmuseum Stockholm, 2024), pp. 627–28.