New Book | A History of Eighteenth-Century German Porcelain
From ACC Distribution:
Christina Nelson with Letitia Roberts, A History of Eighteenth-Century German Porcelain: The Warda Stevens Stout Collection (Hudson Hills Press, 2013), 568 pages, ISBN: 978-1555953881, $95.
A History of Eighteenth-Century German Porcelain is a descriptive catalog of the remarkable holdings of the Dixon Gallery and Gardens in Memphis—holdings donated by Warda Stevens Stout and considered to be among the most important in the world. The book is one of the first in English to describe in captivating detail the artisans, aesthetics, social and political intrigue, financial arrangements, and courtly ambitions that resided in porcelain factories at Ansbach, Frankenthal, Fürstenberg, Höchst, Ludwigs-burg, Meissen, Nymphenburg, and Thüringen.
Contents: Foreword – Kevin Sharp; Acknowledgments – Christina Nelson; The Collector Warda Stevens Stout – Letitia Roberts; A History of Eighteenth-Century German Porcelain – Christina Nelson; Introduction; Meissen; Ansbach; Berlin; Frankenthal; Fürstenberg; Fulda; Höchst; Ludwigsburg; Nymphenburg; Thuringia; Overview – Closter Veilsdorf; Gotha; Limbach; Volkstedt; Vienna; Selected List of German Porcelain from The Warda Stevens Stout Collection; Bibliography.
Christina H. Nelson is an independent scholar based in Champaign, Illinois. She has been a curator at Greenfield Village and the Henry Ford Museum in Deerfield, Michigan, the Saint Louis Art Museum, and the Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art in Kansas City. She is the author of numerous catalogues, articles, and reviews.
Letitia Roberts is an independent scholar and consultant based in New York City. She was a department head at Sotheby’s for many years and has been a member, director and former president of the American Ceramics Circle. She has written extensively on American and European ceramics.
Exhibition | Life and Death in Pompeii and Herculaneum
If today has you thinking about ashes . . . The exhibition includes, incidentally, an exceptional bit of programming: the first live cinema event ever produced by a museum, offering an exclusive private view of the major exhibition on the 18 and 19 of June:
The British Museum will stage two unique live broadcasts to cinema audiences across the UK and Ireland with a special offer to school groups. Introduced by British Museum director Neil MacGregor this event will use a line-up of expert presenters to create a one-off experience including contributions from historian Mary Beard, Rachel de Thame revealing life in the garden, Giorgio Locatelli in the kitchen and Bettany Hughes in the bedroom. . .
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Press release from the British Museum:
Life and Death in Pompeii and Herculaneum
British Museum, London, 28 March — 29 September 2013
In Spring 2013 the British Museum will present a major exhibition on the Roman cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum, sponsored by Goldman Sachs. This exhibition will be the first ever held on these important cities at the British Museum, and the first such major exhibition in London for almost 40 years. It is the result of close collaboration with the Archaeological Superintendency of Naples and Pompeii, will bring together over 250 fascinating objects, both recent discoveries and celebrated finds from earlier excavations. Many of these objects have never before been seen outside Italy. The exhibition will have a unique focus, looking at the Roman home and the people who lived in these ill-fated cities.
Neil MacGregor, director of the British Museum said “This will be a major exhibition for the British Museum in 2013, made possible through collaboration with the Archaeological Superintendency of Naples and Pompeii which has meant extremely generous loans of precious objects from their collections, some that have never travelled before. I am delighted that Goldman Sachs is sponsoring this important exhibition and am extremely grateful to them for their support.”
“It is a privilege to be partnering with the British Museum for this incredibly exciting exhibition, which offers a fascinating insight into daily life at the heart of the Roman Empire”, said Richard Gnodde, Co Chief executive of Goldman Sachs International. “We recognize the importance of supporting cultural platforms such as this and we are delighted to offer our support to help bring this unique experience to London.”
Pompeii and Herculaneum, two cities on the Bay of Naples in southern Italy, were buried by a catastrophic volcanic eruption of Mount Vesuvius in just 24 hours in AD 79. This event ended the life of the cities but at the same time preserved them until rediscovery by archaeologists nearly 1700 years later. The excavation of these cities has given us unparallelled insight into Roman life.
Owing to their different locations Pompeii and Herculaneum were buried in different ways and this has affected the preservation of materials at each site. Herculaneum was a small seaside town whereas Pompeii was the industrial hub of the region. Work continues at both sites and recent excavations at Herculaneum have uncovered beautiful and fascinating artefacts. These include treasures many of which will be displayed to the public for the first time, such as finely sculpted marble reliefs, intricately carved ivory panels and fascinating objects found in one of the main drains of the city.
The exhibition will give visitors a taste of the daily life of the people of Pompeii and Herculaneum, from the bustling street to the family home. The domestic space is the essential context for people’s lives, and allows us to get closer to the Romans themselves. This exhibition will explore the lives of individuals in Roman society, not the classic figures of films and television, such as emperors, gladiators and legionaries, but businessmen, powerful women, freed slaves and children. One stunning example of this material is a beautiful wall painting from Pompeii showing the baker Terentius Neo and his wife, holding writing materials showing they are literate and cultured. Importantly their pose and presentation suggests they are equal partners, in business and in life.
The emphasis on a domestic context also helps transform museum artefacts into everyday possessions. Six pieces of wooden furniture will be lent from Herculaneum in an unprecedented loan by the Archaeological Superintendency of Napels and Pompeii. These items were carbonized by the high temperatures of the ash that engulfed the city and are extremely rare finds that would not have survived at Pompeii – showing the importance of combining evidence from the two cities. The furniture includes a linen chest, an inlaid stool and even a garden bench. Perhaps the most astonishing and moving piece is a baby’s crib that still rocks on its curved runners.
The exhibition will include casts from in and around Pompeii of some of the victims of the eruption. A family of two adults and their two children are huddled together, just as in their last moments under the stairs of their villa. The most famous of the casts on display is of a dog, fixed forever at the moment of its death as the volcano submerged the cities.
Follow updates on the exhibition via Twitter on #PompeiiExhibition and the Museum’s Twitter account @britishmuseum.
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Paul Roberts, Life and Death in Pompeii and Herculaneum (New York: Oxford University Press, 2013), 320 pages, ISBN: 978-0199987436, £16 / $45.
Exhibition | Eighteenth-Century Book Illustration in the Veneto
The exhibition presents 115 illustrated books and as many loose prints from the likes of Tiepolo, Piazzetta, Novelli, Fontebasso, and Balestra. From Padova Cultura:
Tiepolo, Piazzetta, Novelli: L’Incanto del Libro Illustrato nel Settecento Veneto
Musei Civici agli Eremitani and Palazzo Zuckermann, Padua, 24 November 2012 — 7 April 2013
A Padova una meravigliosa galleria cartacea: 115 volumi illustrati del Settecento esposti accanto ad altrettanti fogli sciolti e incisioni, dipinti e disegni di grandi Maestri. Ecco la più completa mostra mai realizzata sul tema.
E’ dal connubio tra intelligenti editori come Giambattista Albrizzi e Antonio Zatta – per citarne solo alcuni – grandi e celeberrimi artisti come Tiepolo, Piazzetta, Novelli, Fontebasso o Balestra, e di abili incisori capaci di tradurre i segni e lo stile di questi in stampe di straordinaria complessità e varietà luministica, che nascono alcuni dei maggiori capolavori dell’editoria illustrata del Settecento. Un fenomeno ben sviluppato anche nel Seicento ma che nel XVIII secolo raggiunge nel Veneto vertici assoluti d’eleganza e raffinatezza, ammirati a livello internazionale.
Un fenomeno che, dal 24 novembre 2012 al 7 aprile 2013 a Padova, nelle sedi del Museo Civico agli Eremitani e di Palazzo Zuckermann, sarà esplorato e reso accessibile al grande pubblico in una mostra assolutamente unica per vastità e completezza di trattazione e certamente tra le più importanti esposizioni del genere mai realizzate in Italia: un viaggio affascinante e sorprendente, alla scoperta di quello che fu un aspetto fondamentale della vita culturale della Serenissima, ma anche di una produzione artistica spesso parallela a quella più appariscente della pittura da cavalletto o ad affresco, ma non meno suggestiva.
Oltre 115 volumi prodotti in Veneto o che hanno visto la collaborazione d’importanti artisti veneziani del Settecento – edizioni rare e preziose, arricchite da antiporte, incisioni, cornici, testatine, vignette o preziosi finalini – saranno dunque esposti accanto a quasi 120 tra stampe sciolte tratte dagli stessi volumi e incisioni autonome, in modo da favorire un’ampia documentazione della ricchezza illustrativa di questi volumi e dell’attività degli artisti ai quali si deve l’invenzione grafica delle opere. Maestri che saranno ricordati in mostra, ciascuno, anche attraverso uno dei loro significativi dipinti, a sottolineare e rimarcare la stretta connessione esistente tra la produzione artistica dei pittori coinvolti e i disegni da questi approntati per l’editoria: “una comune attitudine per il libero dispiegarsi della fantasia, applicata ora alle pagine di un libro invece che ai cieli dei soffitti affrescati o alle tele di grandi quadri di storia, una medesima audacia compositiva, un precoce interesse per forme di ornato rococò.”
Una mostra dunque ricchissima – realizzata grazie alle opere della Biblioteca Civica, dei Musei Civici agli Eremitani e della Biblioteca Universitaria, oltre a quelli di un’importante collezione privata e di alcuni selezionati istituti culturali del Veneto – che si sviluppa in 9 sezioni, adottando punti di vista diversificati e privilegiando, di volta in volta, un approccio cronologico, monografico e tematico.
The press release (a PDF file) is available here»
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The catalogue is available from ArtBooks.com»
Vincenza Cinzia Donvito and Denis Ton, Tiepolo, Piazzetta, Novelli: L’Incanto del Libro Illustrato nel Settecento Veneto (Crocetta del Montello: Antiga Edizioni, 2012), 480 pages, ISBN: 978-8888997940, $67.50.
Exhibition | Salvaging the Past: Georges Hoentschel
From the BGC:
Salvaging the Past: Georges Hoentschel and French Decorative
Arts from The Metropolitan Museum of Art
Bard Graduate Center, New York, 4 April — 11 August 2013
Georges Jacob; gilder: Louis–François Chatard. Armchair from Louis XVI’s Salon des Jeux, Château de Saint-Cloud, 1788. Carved and gilded walnut; gold brocaded silk (New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Gift of J. Pierpont Morgan, 1906 — 07.225.107)
Focusing on a remarkable but little-known collection that entered the Metropolitan Museum as a gift of J. Pierpont Morgan in the early twentieth century, Salvaging the Past: Georges Hoentschel and French Decorative Arts from The Metropolitan Museum of Art features more than 200 objects of primarily medieval art and French eighteenth-century paneling, furniture, metalwork, textiles, paintings, and sculpture, as well as late nineteenth-century art pottery, most of which have rarely been viewed since the 1950s. The fourth in a series of collaborations between The Metropolitan Museum of Art and the BGC, the exhibition provides the first comprehensive examination of Georges Hoentschel—a significant figure in the history of collecting—and illuminates an understudied and critical chapter of the Metropolitan’s history.
Drawn primarily from the Metropolitan Museum’s holdings, with loans from other public and private collections in the United States and France, the exhibition tells the story of this unique collection in four sections. The first introduces Georges Hoentschel, who was an enterprising and successful decorator during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, when France witnessed a great scientific, industrial, and social transformation and the newly moneyed bourgeoisie adopted a lifestyle based on an aristocratic model. As director of the Parisian decorating firm Maison Leys, Hoentschel catered to these affluent clients, creating for them interiors in historic French styles. In this section of the exhibition, ephemera, family papers, photographs, and a film presentation will outline his story within the context of Belle Époque Paris.
Section of the interior of 58 Boulevard Flandrin, Paris (ca. 1906) to be recreated in the Bard Graduate Center exhibition.
The second and largest section presents selections from the eighteenth-century holdings of the collection in installations inspired by historic photographs of Hoentschel’s densely arranged showroom-museum in Paris, where the objects served as models for his interior decorating business. Delicately carved woodwork, decorative paintings, and exquisitely chased gilt-bronze mounts are featured here. Highlights include a chair made for Louise-Élisabeth of Parma, daughter of Louis XV; an armchair made for Louis XVI; and a panel from shutters originally installed in a room outside the chapel at Versailles.
The third section displays medieval artworks, including sculpture, ivories, and metalwork, and includes one of the finest surviving examples of French Limoges enamelwork—a twelfth-century reliquary container, or chasse. Also shown here is Jean Barbet’s Ange du Lude, on loan from the Frick Collection, a rare bronze angel dated 1475, one of the most remarkable works from Hoentschel’s collection.
The final section presents examples of Hoentschel’s stoneware and those of his friend the sculptor and potter Jean-Joseph Carriès (1855–1894). Some of these ceramics were originally exhibited in the Union Centrale des Arts Décoratifs’ pavilion at the 1900 Exposition Universelle in Paris, for which Hoentschel created interiors in art nouveau style, unique in his oeuvre. A chair from this pavilion, loaned by the Musée des Arts décoratifs, Paris, is displayed, along with a selection of furnishing textiles used by Hoentschel in interior design commissions.
The exhibition is organized by the Bard Graduate Center: Decorative Arts, Design History, Material Culture and The Metropolitan Museum of Art.
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From Yale UP:
Daniëlle Kisluk-Grosheide, Deborah L. Krohn, and Ulrich Leben, eds., Salvaging the Past: Georges Hoentschel and French Decorative Arts from The Metropolitan Museum of Art (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2013), 320 pages, ISBN: 9780300190243, $85.
Georges Hoentschel (1855–1915) was a leading French interior designer in historic styles, head of a decorating firm, and ceramicist during the Belle Epoque. He found inspiration for his designs in medieval and 18th-century French art, which he avidly collected, amassing more than 4,000 pieces of furniture, woodwork, metalwork, sculpture, paintings, and textiles. After visiting Hoentschel in Paris, the American financier J. Pierpont Morgan acquired the collection and bequeathed it to the Metropolitan Museum of Art in 1906 and 1916–17. These works greatly enriched the museum’s medieval art department and became the nucleus of its decorative arts department, profoundly influencing American tastes in the early 20th century. Through texts, early documentary photographs, and images of newly conserved works, Salvaging the Past goes behind the scenes to explore the history and influence of this remarkable collection.
Daniëlle Kisluk-Grosheide is curator of European sculpture and decorative arts at The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York. Deborah L. Krohn is associate professor of Italian Renaissance decorative arts at Bard Graduate Center. Ulrich Leben is a visiting professor and special exhibitions curator at Bard Graduate Center and associate curator for the furniture collection at Waddesdon Manor, Buckinghamshire.
Exhibition | A Handsome Cupboard of Plate: Early American Silver
From ACC Distribution:
A Handsome Cupboard of Plate Early American Silver in the Cahn Collection
Minneapolis Institute of Arts, 1 December 2012 — 24 March 2013
Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art, Kansas City, 20 April — 3 November 2013
Missouri History Museum, St Louis, 23 November 2013 — 2 March 2014
The DeWitt Wallace Decorative Arts Museum, Colonial Williamsburg, 3 May 2014 — 25 May 2015
Deborah Dependahl Waters, A Handsome Cupboard of Plate Early American Silver in the Cahn Collection (Cambridge: John Adamson, 2013), 128 pages, ISBN: 978-1898565116, $40.
Strength in design and fineness of craftsmanship unify the early American domestic and presentation silver assembled by Paul and Elissa Cahn and published together for the first time. Beginning in Boston with a caudle cup marked by Jeremiah Dummer, America’s first native-born silversmith, and objects from the shop of patriot silversmith Paul Revere, the book then focuses on New York, where a distinctive style reflecting the Dutch heritage of that region emerged, and afterward on Philadelphia, where generations of the Quaker Richardson family supplied goods of the “best sort, but plain.”
Pride of place is given to the work of New York Jewish silversmith Myer Myers and his shop, including a presentation waiter made for Theodorus Van Wyck. Accompanying a touring exhibition of the Cahn collection, the book encapsulates some of the ethnic, religious, and political diversity of early America and sets
the silver in its social and historical context.
C O N T E N T S
Foreword by Kaywin Feldman, Director and President, Minneapolis Institute of Arts
The Cahn Collection of Early American Silver – An Appreciation by David L. Barquist, The H. Richard Dietrich Jr. Curator of American Decorative Arts, Philadelphia Museum of Art
A Handsome Cupboard of Plate: Early American Silver and Silversmiths – An Introductory Essay
Catalogue
I: Boston
II: New York
III: Philadelphia
Frequent Bibliographical References and Note on Digital Resources
Index
Deborah Dependahl Waters is an independent historian of American decorative arts, specializing in silver and furniture of the Mid-Atlantic region. Since 1987 she has been a member of the part-time teaching faculty for the Parsons-Cooper-Hewitt M.A. Program in the History of Decorative Arts and Design, and is currently president of New York Silver Society, Inc. She is the editor and an author of Elegant Plate: Three Centuries of Precious Metals in New York City (2000), and a contributor to Art in the Empire City: New York, 1825-1861 (2000), and Silversmiths to the Nation: Thomas Fletcher and Sidney Gardiner, 1808-1842 (2007), as well as lead author of The Jewelry and Metalwork of Marie Zimmermann (2011).
Exhibition | Charles Jennens: The Man behind Handel’s ‘Messiah’
From The Handel House Museum:
Charles Jennens: The Man behind Handel’s Messiah
The Handel House Museum, London, 21 November 2012 — 14 April 2013
Curated by Ruth Smith
In a major new exhibition the Handel House Museum explores the life, work and character of Handel’s great collaborator Charles Jennens.
An enigmatic character, Jennens had an enormous influence on Handel’s life and work. As librettist for the oratorios Saul and Belshazzar, he provided the composer with words that inspired some of his most challenging and exciting music. His carefully chosen scripture selection for Messiah was to inspire Handel to even greater creative heights, and together these two men created one of the greatest musical works of all time.
The exhibition examines this relationship in detail, alongside other elements of Jennens’s life as a great landowner; the builder of a fine country house with extensive grounds; a major art collector; a Christian philanthropist; a devout defender of revealed religion; an encourager of other authors and composers; a loyal friend; and a forward-looking editor of Shakespeare.
Bringing together exhibits from throughout the UK and beyond, for the first time this landmark exhibition unites all known oil portraits of Jennens to stand beside Handel House’s own magnificent portrait by Thomas Hudson.
The exhibition’s curator is Dr Ruth Smith, author of Handel’s Oratorios and Eighteenth-Century Thought (Cambridge University Press), who has made a particular study of the life and work of Charles Jennens.
Ruth Smith, Charles Jennens: The Man behind Handel’s Messiah (London: Gerald Coke Handel Foundation, 2012), 71 pages, ISBN: 978-0956099822, £8.50.
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Jonathan Keates provides a review for the TLS (11 January 2013):
. . . Unfolding the mystery of Charles Jennens for us, this fine new exhibition, which also has a related walking tour and a series of talks and concerts, is the best so far within the Handel House’s limited space; it was mounted under the guidance of Ruth Smith, whose illuminating survey of his achievement accompanies the show. Besides evoking our admiration for him as aesthete, connoisseur, charitable patron, landscape gardener or devoted friend, she celebrates his work as the earliest variorum editor of Shakespeare’s plays. . . .
Exhibition Review | Versailles and the Antique
Reviewed for Enfilade by Hélène Bremer
Versailles et l’Antique
Château de Versailles, 13 November 2012 — 17 March 2013
Curated by Alexandre Maral, Geneviève Bresc-Bautier, Jean-Luc Martinez, and Nicolas Milovanovic, with scenography by Pier Luigi Pizzi
Galerie de Pierre basse (Room 1) Versailles et l’Antique
© EPV / Th. Garnier
The entrance through the Gallerie de Pierre Basse (Room 1) of the Palace of Versailles has been changed dramatically for the exhibition Versailles and Antiquity. The public is usually barred from this part of the palace, allowed only to peek down a rather dark hallway containing a collection of sculpture dedicated to heroes of French history. Instead, for now, these statues are discretely draped with white tissue, and the public enters alongside a selection of masterpieces from Louis XIVth’s sculpture garden. The finest marble sculpture from the collections of the French court, now in the collections of the Louvre and the Palace of Versailles, suggest a new Rome, created at Versailles by the Sun King and presently revived by the exhibition curators. This exceptionally ambitious show brings together not only marbles, but also bronzes, tapestries, paintings, drawings, decorative and ephemeral objects to explore the relationship between Versailles and Antiquity.
The renowned opera-stage-designer Pier Luigi Pizzi is responsible for the scenography of the installation. He has described the exhibition as a play in which the works of art are the characters and the stage breathes the spirit of the seventeenth-century French court. The subject of the play is the taste of the insatiable collector, Louis XIV. Within the spaces of the palace, Pizzi has managed to accommodate these ‘actors’, which here communicate with each other and invite visitors to follow along, from one spectacular scene to the next (though I imagine many may fail to appreciate the full production with not a single explanatory panel to be found in the whole exhibition).
In early modern Europe, all important courts collected antiquities in order to suggest their magnificence. Materials like porphyry, marble, alabaster, and bronze enhanced the prestige of such collections while tapestries and paintings comparing sovereigns with Classical gods and goddesses symbolized the court’s power.
In France this mode of collecting began with François I. After he failed to acquire the Laöcoon group in 1515 (and again in 1520) from Pope Leo X, his agent Francesco Primaticcio finally gained permission to make casts from the work, and a bronze copy was made for the Palace at Fontainebleau. The French collection of antiques grew only slowly under Henry II, who received the sculpture of Diane chasseresse from Pope Paul IV in 1556 (it serves as the emblem of the exhibition), and subsequent sovereigns largely lost interest altogether. In the seventeenth century, however, cardinals Richelieu and Mazarin assembled large collections of antiquities, most of which eventually entered the collection of Louis XIV. While the king had long been interested in collecting antiquities (under the guidance of Mazarin), his ambitions were fueled by a remark made by Bernini in 1665 during the sculptor’s visit to France. After Louis XIV showed him the royal collection, Bernini judged that it consisted of “ornaments for ladies.” Embarrassed, the king hurried to improve the collection, adding important, large, masculine (read powerful) sculpture. At the time it was not necessary to display genuine antique marbles; but instead, reassembled works and contemporary sculpture inspired by the antique could do as well. Within a short time, the collection at Versailles grew steadily, and the newly built Hall of Mirrors was adorned with gods and goddesses in marble, vases in porphyry as well as with classically-themed ceiling and wall paintings. References to antiquity intensified among all art forms, with Versailles celebrated as the new Rome.
Salle du Maroc (Room 3) Versailles et l’Antique
© EPV / Th. Garnier
This exhibition claims to reconstruct a Versailles not seen since the French Revolution. On offer is not, however, a display of antiquities as they appeared at the court of Louis XIV, but the creation of an ambiance. Walking from the sculpture garden in the Gallerie Basse up the stairs to the Salle de Constantine (Room 2) with its reconstructed Palais de Soleil would have been a rather different experience in the seventeenth century. The importance of antiquity is nonetheless clear from the enormous quantity of objects on display. Using the rooms of the palace instead of temporary exhibition spaces preserves the court’s atmosphere. One wanders from intimate cabinets (Rooms 4 and 5) filled with precious objects and paintings, into a light-filled sculpture gallery dedicated to the gardens of Marly (Room 6), to rooms containing mythological paintings (Rooms 7 and 8). The exhibition includes a historical sequence, and dixhuitièmists will be especially interested in the Quatrième Salle de Crimée (Room 8) dedicated to the persistence of antiquity in the eighteenth century. In particular, the room examines eighteenth-century taste through paintings by Nattier and Drouais of court ladies disguised as Diana or Flore, along with the changing relationship between politics and aesthetics.
Quatrième salle de Crimée (Room 8) Versailles et l’Antique
© EPV / Th. Garnier
Near the show’s conclusion (Room 9), the presentation of the grand projet to reconstruct the palace during the eighteenth century is interesting for its references to the antique (especially to the monuments of Rome), but this architectural departure is probably a bit much for the average visitor at the close of such an extensive exhibition (180 of the 200 objects on display have already asked a lot of viewers’ attention). Showing this material in a separate venue may have helped insure it receives the attention it merits.
Finally, the Salle de la Smalah (Room 10), dedicated to the Fêtes à l’antique, displays an impressive table ornament in the form of a antique colonnade in front of a sculpture of Apollo, in turn flanked by an enormous barometer made for Louis XV and XVI. Rather, however, than providing a satisfying finale to the proposed play, this last installation left me feeling oddly alone on the middle of the stage, longing for a re-enactment.
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Alexandre Maral and Nicolas Milovanovic, eds., Versailles et l’Antique (Paris: Artlys, 2012), 336 pages, ISBN: 978-2854955125, 49€ / $95.
Versailles was a new Rome in several ways: in its grandiose size, in its ambition to endure through the centuries, and in the many references to the great models of Antiquity. In the 17th century, Antiquity was an incomparable absolute, which the most ambitious sovereigns wished to rival: Louis XIV created Versailles as the seat of power to bring back the grandeur of Antiquity. The exhibition examines the presence of Antiquity in Versailles from two angles: the acquisition of antique fragments and commissions of copies by the kings, and the re-appropriation of antique models and figures by artists. It brings back to Versailles about fifty antiques that it possessed during the Ancien Régime. The interpretation of Antiquity and its mythology are evoked through about two hundred works from the principal French and foreign collections (the Louvre, Bibliothèque nationale de France, Musée des Beaux-Arts de Besançon, Uffizi Gallery of Florence, Archaeological Museum of Naples, etc.): sculptures, paintings, drawings, engravings,
tapestries, pieces of furniture, objets d’art.
Available from ArtBooks.com»
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The website of the Palace of Versailles provides additional information, including a series of videos. Full descriptions of each section of the exhibition are available as a PDF file here»
Exhibition | Peru: Kingdoms of the Sun and Moon
Press release (26 October 2012) from the MMFA:
Peru: Kingdoms of the Sun and Moon: Identities and Conquest
in the Early, Colonial and Modern Periods
Montreal Museum of Fine Arts, 2 February — 16 June 2013
Seattle Art Museum, 17 October 2013 — 5 January 2014
Curated by Victor Pimentel
Mochica, North Coast, possibly La Mina, Forehead ornament with feline head and octopus tentacles ending in catfish heads (100 – 800 A.D.), Gold, chrysocolla, and shells. 28.5 x 41.4 x 4.5 cm (Museo de la Nación, Lima. Photo: Daniel Giannoni)
Organized by the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts, Peru: Kingdoms of the Sun and Moon will display an extensive collection of pre-Columbian treasures and masterpieces from the colonial era to Indigenism, including over 100 pieces that have never before been seen outside of Peru. With more than 350 works of art (paintings, sculptures, gold and silver ornaments, pottery, photograph, works on paper, and textiles) on loan from public and private collections in Peru, Canada, United States, France, and Germany, this exhibition covers roughly 3,000 years of history, including archaeological discoveries in recent decades.
“In conceiving this exhibition on the question of identity in Latin America following our exhibition Cuba! Art and History from 1868 to today presented in 2008, I was fascinated to discover the extent to which archaeology has revealed this birthplace of civilization – one of six such in the world – only recently in the course of the 20th century” explains Nathalie Bondil, Director and Chief Curator of the MMFA. “This exhibition demonstrates how the retrospective view of history shifted from a colonial interpretation to a new nationalist feeling in the course of the modern era. This complex project brings together numerous loans, both public and private, from Peru, some of which have not been exhibited before. Above all, the display features paintings of the era subsequent to the Spanish Conquest and, for the first time outside Peru, of the Indigenist period after independence. The constant elements of a civilization built up over millennia open up perspectives never before opened,” she added.
Anonymous, Cuzco School, Virgen Niña Hilando (Young Virgin Spinning), second third of the 18th century, oil on canvas, gold leaf. 112.5 x 80.5 cm
(Lima: Museo Pedro de Osma. Photo: Joaquín Rubio)
Mythical Peru, cradle of Andean civilization, and its pre-Hispanic, colonial and modern history will be examined in the four sections of the exhibition as follows:
• Section 1 (introduction) will explain how archaeology rewrote the national history beginning with the discovery, in 1911, of Machu Picchu to the recent restitution of artworks.
• Section 2 will focus on the myths and rituals of the early civilizations of the Andes, highlighting their role in forming and shaping Peruvian identity during the pre-Columbian era.
• Section 3 will illustrate the perpetuation, concealment, and hybridization of the indigenous culture during the colonial period.
• The last section will highlight the rediscovery of this culture in the 20th century and the revalorization of ancient symbols of identity in contemporary Peruvian iconography.
Adds Exhibition Curator Victor Pimentel, Curator of Pre-Columbian Art at the MMFA, “Through the representation and reinterpretation of myths, rituals and other primordial symbols of identity captured by different artistic traditions, the exhibition will illustrate how the evocative power of images have influenced the history of pre-Hispanic, colonial and modern Peru.”
Illustrating the beliefs and rituals of pre-Columbian societies
The relationship with death, particularly the constant dialogue between the world of the living and the world of the dead, is an essential component of Andean spirituality. Among the Mochicas, ceremonial sacrifices contributed to the perpetuation of the supernatural and social orders, while ancestor worship held significant importance to the Lambayeque and Chimú cultures.
In order to illustrate the beliefs and rituals that dominated the life of pre-Columbian societies, the exhibition will focus on objects associated with the sacrificial ceremony of the Mochica people (200 B.C. to 800 A.D.) and the funerary rites of the Chimú and Lambayeque cultures (11th to 15th century A.D.), by presenting some of the most complete depictions of these rituals. On display will be important objects in gold, silver, and turquoise from the royal tombs of Sipán, discovered in 1987 by archaeologist Walter Alva, constituting the most significant find made in Peru since that of Machu Picchu. They include:
• A gold ear disc depicting the Lord of the place, the Mochica governor
• A Mochica ornament in the shape of a half-feline, half-octopus recently repatriated and exhibited for the first time
outside of Peru
• Funerary jewelry (crown, ear discs, necklace, pectoral and shoulder-pieces) including a masterpiece of Chimú gold work
• A rare headboard of a Lambayeque litter depicting figures officiating at a ceremony, unique in the complexity of its ornamentation
Religion in Many Forms
The Spanish conquest of Peru in the 16th century led to the hybridization of the Peruvian culture expressed through reinterpretations of mostly religious European art. Paintings of the School of Cuzco – established by the Spanish as a means of converting the Incas to Catholicism – showing Christ, miraculous Virgins, archangels and defenders of the Catholic faith, testify to the powerful role played by images in the campaign to evangelize the Native peoples of the Andes. Included among the examples of paintings mainly by Native artists resulted from this hybridization are:
A Nativity Chest dating from the 18th century, painted with a number of Biblical stories including Adam and Eve, the Annunciation, the Nativity and the visit of the Magi. This three-dimensional illustrated catechism was used to spread Catholicism throughout the Andes.
Among the ceremonial objects on view illustrating the importance of imagery relating to the celebration of the Eucharist in the Andes is a silver Eucharistic urn in the shape of a Pelican, a bird traditionally associated with Christ’s sacrifice. It is widely considered a masterpiece of the liturgical metalwork from the Latin-American Baroque period.
A particularly popular image in art during the Viceroyal period is that of the Virgin. Symbolic representations of the virtuous life of the Virgin Mary on view, such as Young Virgin Spinning, recalls the acllas, the Virgins of the Sun in the Inca empire, whose principal occupation was making garments for the Inca and for religious rites.
Processions also played an important role in the elaboration of a Peruvian identity both as a collective expression of Christian faith and as a means of reinforcing the socio-political positions of the participants. An 18th-century depiction of a splendid Corpus Christi procession, one of the first Christian celebrations to be performed in the colony and still performed to this day, attests to the multi-ethnic nature of the city of Cuzco, the ancient capital of the Inca empire. Coinciding with the celebration of the Inti Raymi, an Inca festival dedicated to the Sun God, Corpus Christi was the most important feast day in the colonial liturgical calendar.
Peruvian art in the 19th and 20th centuries
By 1821, Peruvians had achieved their independence and had formed an indigenous collective memory that combined the idealisation of the pre-Hispanic past, particularly the Inca Empire, with an interest in local subjects. A typical work of Peruvian art of the mid-19th century, Habitante de las cordilleras del Perú (Inhabitant of the Peruvian Highlands) by Francisco Laso, portrays the indigenous peasant as a national symbol for the new Peruvian republic, and heralds the direction that Peruvian cultural nationalism was to take in the next century.
At the beginning of the 20th century, Indigenism flourished as an artistic and intellectual movement based on revalorising and reaffirming Peru’s indigenous heritage. Paintings depicting scenes of Native life and the idyllic landscapes of the Peruvian countryside and highlands such as Pastoras (Shepherdesses) by Leonor Vinatea Cantuarias were to transform the visual culture of Peru in the modern era. This movement is represented in the exhibition by a wide selection of works by José Sabogal, Camilo Blas, Julia Codesido, and Enrique Camino Brent. Widely praised for his documentation of indigenous culture, the only Amerindian included among the major artists associated with the movement is the photographer and portraitist Martín Chambi. Works by Chambi on view include Tristeza andina, La Raya (Andean sadness, La Raya).
An exhibition checklist (PDF) is available here»
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From Abrams:
Victor Pimentel, ed., Peru: Kingdoms of the Sun and the Moon (Milan: 5 Continents Editions, 2013), 384 pages, ISBN: 978-8874396290, $65.
A new publication featuring essays by the foremost experts on the art of Peru The MMFA will produce an accompanying 384-page catalogue co-published in English and in French by the MMFA and 5 Continents Editions in Milan. This fully-illustrated volume (450 illustrations) comprises essays by eminent curators and specialists and interviews with leading figures and experts on Peruvian archaeology, art history, and literature such as the novelist Mario Vargas Llosa.
Victor Pimentel is curator of pre-Columbian art at the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts.
Exhibition | Nicolas Colombel: L’Idéal et la grâce
Now on at the Musée des Beaux-Arts in Rouen:
Nicolas Colombel: L’Idéal et la grâce
Musée des Beaux-Arts, Rouen, 9 November 2012 — 24 February 2013
This is the first monographic exhibition to be devoted to this figure long forgotten French painter of the Grand Siècle, Nicolas Colombel (ca. 1644-1717). The exhibition at the Museum of Fine Arts in Rouen brings us an important rediscovery. This artist born in Sotteville-lès-Rouen in approximately 1644 worked in Rome and Paris, developing a unique style which combines sensuality and idealism in the grand tradition of Poussin.
Bringing together over half of the artist’s known works today, dating from the 1680s until 1712, the exhibition offers a unique opportunity to discover Colombel’s unusual career. He was the only French painter of his generation to be successful in Rome before continuing a career in Paris at the Royal Academy of Painting and Sculpture during the reign of Louis XIV. The exhibition brings together exceptional loans from the most important collections in Europe and the United States.
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From the press materials:
Première exposition monographique consacrée à cette figure longtemps méconnue de la peinture française du Grand Siècle, l’exposition du musée des Beaux-Arts de Rouen consacre une redécouverte importante : celle d’un artiste né à Sotteville-lès-Rouen vers 1644, qui a fait carrière à Rome puis à Paris, concevant un style très singulier qui conjugue idéalisme et sensualité, dans la grande tradition de Poussin. Rassemblant plus de la moitié des oeuvres aujourd’hui connues, depuis les années 1680 jusqu’à 1712, l’exposition offre une occasion unique de découvrir le parcours atypique du seul peintre français de sa génération à rencontrer le succès à Rome, avant de faire carrière à Paris au sein de l’Académie royale de Peinture et de Sculpture, à la fin du règne de Louis XIV.
Nombre des tableaux de l’artiste n’ont été redécouverts que récemment : très recherchés des collectionneurs de peinture ancienne, ils sont aujourd’hui dispersés à travers le monde et la plupart sont conservés hors de France. L’exposition réunit des prêts exceptionnels venus des plus grandes collections d’Europe et des États-Unis. Elle marque également l’occasion de publier le catalogue raisonné de l’oeuvre de Nicolas Colombel.
Le parcours de l’exposition présente les principaux aspects de la carrière de Nicolas Colombel, articulés autour de deux axes : ses débuts à Rome, où il acquiert une notoriété auprès du public italien mais également français, puis sa carrière académique à Paris, lorsqu’il intègre l’Académie royale de Peinture et de Sculpture et développe, parallèlement à ses productions religieuses et à la peinture tirée de l’histoire ancienne, une peinture mythologique, aux tons éclaircis et accents de fable galante. Les débuts romains sont illustrés par la peinture religieuse marquée
par l’art de Nicolas Poussin ; Colombel est alors attaché à un classicisme rigoureux.
Les commandes réalisées à Rome pour les ordres religieux français démontrent qu’au-delà de l’exemple de Poussin, Colombel usa de références variées et retint les leçons de peintres tels que Philippe de Champaigne ou le Dominiquin. Les portraits de personnalités françaises peints à Rome révèlent que son activité de portraitiste
se développe suivant une ligne toute personnelle et qu’il développe en Italie un véritable réseau social français. L’italianisme dans la production de Colombel à Rome touche l’ensemble de sa production, les épisodes mythologiques, les scènes tirées de la littérature ou de l’histoire ancienne, comme celles issues de l’Ancien et du Nouveau Testament. Colombel tire ses modèles de Giacinto Gimignani, des Carrache, de Guido Reni.
Le retour à Paris est marqué par la réalisation de son morceau de réception à l’Académie royale qui dénote l’influence de Pierre Mignard, directeur de l’Académie royale, sur l’art de Colombel une fois qu’il intègre l’Académie. Les premières années de sa carrière parisienne doivent en effet beaucoup au modèle de Pierre Mignard, directeur de l’Académie royale, en particulier dans le genre du portrait mythologique dont Colombel fi t l’une de ses spécialités tout en continuant à offrir des compositions religieuses ou historiques. Sa compréhension de l’art bolonais, celui des élèves des Carrache, qu’il adapte aux attentes du public français dans des compositions mythologiques aux coloris clairs, à la ligne épurée et à la délicate sensualité font alors de lui l’un des artistes à la manière la plus séduisante au tournant du siècle.
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Catalogue: Karen Chastagnol, et al, Nicolas Colombel (vers 1644 – 1717): L’Idéal et la grâce (Paris: Éditions Nicolas Chaudun, 2012), 232 pages, ISBN: 978-2350391472, 39€ / $75. [available from ArtBooks.com]
L’exposition réunit plus de la moitié des peintures de Colombel aujourd’hui conservées, ainsi que la plupart de ses dessins. Elle est l’occasion de publier un catalogue raisonné accompagné d’une biographie détaillée, rédigés par Karen Chastagnol, et complétés par plusieurs essais qui éclairent aussi bien les sources du peintre que le contexte romain des années 1680-1690.
Auteurs: Catalogue établi sous la direction de Karen Chastagnol avec des contributions de Pierre Rosenberg, Liliana Barroero et Diederik Bakhuÿs.
Exhibition | Johann Georg Pinsel: An 18th-Century Sculptor in Ukraine
From the Louvre:
Johann Georg Pinsel: Un Sculpteur Baroque en Ukraine au XVIIIe Siècle
Musée du Louvre, Paris, 22 November 2012 — 25 February 2013
Curated by Guilhem Scherf
En étroite collaboration avec les institutions ukrainiennes, le musée du Louvre organise une exposition consacrée à Johann Georg Pinsel, un important sculpteur de l’époque baroque actif au milieu du XVIIIe siècle en Galicie, la partie occidentale du pays alors territoire polonais.
L’exposition s’appuie principalement sur les collections du musée Pinsel de Lviv, avec des emprunts venant d’autres musées de Galicie et aussi de Pologne (Wroclaw) et de Munich. Une trentaine de sculptures parmi les plus spectaculaires de l’artiste, majoritairement en bois (certaines avec polychromie ou dorure), seront présentées.
Le style de Pinsel, très brillant, proche de celui des grands sculpteurs de l’âge d’or du baroque germanique, témoigne d’une esthétique rarement montrée en France. L’artiste se distingue de ses contemporains par une personnalité propre : une gestuelle extravertie démonstrative, une expressivité prononcée, une caractérisation très personnelle des draperies.
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Jan K. Ostrowski and Guilhem Scherf, eds., Johann Georg Pinsel: Un sculpteur baroque en Ukraine au XVIIIe siècle (Paris: Coédition Louvre éditions/Snoeck éditions, 2012), 173 pages, ISBN: 978-9461610485, 32€.
Le catalogue, comprenant textes et notices d’oeuvres, est écrit par les spécialistes du sculpteur Jan Ostrowski, Boris Voznitsky, Oxana Kozyr-Fedotov avec également des essais de Claude Michaud et Guilhem Scherf. C’est le premier ouvrage sur Pinsel disponible en français.
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Didier Rykner reviewed the exhibition for La Tribune de l’Art (2 January 2013).
C’est à une vraie découverte que nous convie le département des sculptures du Musée du Louvre. Car qui, en France, pouvait se targuer d’avoir jamais entendu parler de Johann Georg Pinsel ? Ce sculpteur fut actif en Galicie, c’est-à-dire dans une région d’Europe de l’Est aux confins de la Pologne et de l’Ukraine, deux pays entre lesquels elle se partage aujourd’hui. Plus précisément, Pinsel exerça son art autour de Lviv (autrefois plutôt connue sous le nom de Lvov), un territoire faisant aujourd’hui partie de l’Ukraine, et aux populations mêlées, ainsi qu’aux religions diverses (catholiques romains, uniates – c’est-à-dire catholiques grecs, et orthodoxes). . . .
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